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How Can We Summarize the Major Prophets of the O.T.?

The Major Prophets do not primarily advance the storyline of the Old Testament. Instead they fill in some of the details of Israel's history. As messengers of God, these prophets proclaim God's present judgment and future salvation. These books declare that God upholds his word as a holy and righteous God and will punish his people for their sin. They also reveal that God is merciful and has a wonderful future in store for his people because of his coming Promised One.

Here is one way we could summarize each book:

Isaiah declares God's judgement upon Israel because of their sin as well as his promise of future salvation through his Servant King.

Jeremiah is a collection of sermons warning that God will exile Israel out of the promised land but then encouraging that he would bring them back into the land to create a new covenant through a new David. 

Lamentations is a collection of sorrowful poems that mourn Israel's sin, the siege of Jerusalem, and the exile while petitioning God for his mercy.

Ezekiel is a collection of sermons and visions after the exile that declare how Israel's Idolatry has driven away God's presence. Yet there is hope because God will send his Shepherd Prince to usher in a new creation with his presence at the center.

Daniel is a collection of stories and visions that declare God reigns over every earthly kingdom and will one day rescue the world and exalt the Son of Man as he establishes his kingdom over all.